Use Table Variable Operators

Intermediate

10 min.

SAP HANA, Intermediate, Tutorial, SAP Business Application Studio, SQL, SAP HANA Cloud

Leverage SQLScript in stored procedures, user defined functions, and user defined libraries.

You will learn

How to update procedure to use Table Variable Operators to manipulate the immediate table variables

Rich HeilmanJanuary 24, 2022

Created by

February 11, 2021

Contributors

Prerequisites

This tutorial is designed for SAP HANA Cloud.
Tutorials: Using Index Based Cell Access

In this tutorial, you will update the previous procedure to now use Table Variable Operators to manipulate the immediate table variables. We can use table variable operators to perform DML like operations on table variables without having to invoke the SQL layer. In this exercise, we will experiment with the INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and SEARCH operators.

Step 1

Return to the procedure called build_products in the procedure folder.
Remove the code inside the body, between the BEGIN and END statements leaving only the two lines shown here.
After the SELECT statement, Use the INSERT operator to copy all rows of lt_products into the output parameter called ex_products. Then use the INSERT operator to insert 3 new products into the output table. Since you are specifying the actual index, it will insert your new rows at that index and push all existing rows down.

SQLCRIPT
Copy
```
:ex_products.INSERT(:lt_products);
:ex_products.INSERT(('ProductA', 'Software', '1999.99'), 1);
:ex_products.INSERT(('ProductB', 'Software', '2999.99'), 2);
:ex_products.INSERT(('ProductC', 'Software', '3999.99'), 3);
```

The complete code should look very similar to this.

SQLCRIPT

Copy

PROCEDURE "build_products" (
		        out ex_products table (PRODUCTID nvarchar(10),
	                               CATEGORY nvarchar(20),
	                               PRICE decimal(15,2) ) )
	   LANGUAGE SQLSCRIPT
	   SQL SECURITY INVOKER
	   READS SQL DATA AS
BEGIN

 declare lt_products table like :ex_products;

	 lt_products = select PRODUCTID, CATEGORY, PRICE from "OPENSAP_MD_PRODUCTS";
	 :ex_products.INSERT(:lt_products);
	 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductA', 'Software', '1999.99'), 1);
	 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductB', 'Software', '2999.99'), 2);
	 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductC', 'Software', '3999.99'), 3);

END

Use what you have learned and Save your work, and perform a Deploy. Then return to the Database Explorer and call the procedure. In the Results tab, you should see the product data including the new products that you have inserted.

Step 2

Return to the procedure and further modify it. Enter another DECLARE statement for lv_index.

SQLCRIPT
Copy
```
declare lv_index int = 0;
```

Also add a FOR loop to loop through the rows and update the price using the UDPATE operator

SQLCRIPT

Copy

FOR lv_index IN 1..record_count(:ex_products) DO
	:ex_products.(PRICE).UPDATE((:ex_products.PRICE[lv_index] * 1.25), lv_index);
END FOR;

The complete code should look very similar to this.

SQLCRIPT

Copy

PROCEDURE "build_products" (
	        out ex_products table (PRODUCTID nvarchar(10),
	                               CATEGORY nvarchar(20),
	                               PRICE decimal(15,2) ) )
  LANGUAGE SQLSCRIPT
  SQL SECURITY INVOKER
  READS SQL DATA AS
BEGIN

 declare lt_products table like :ex_products;
 declare lv_index int = 0;

 lt_products = select PRODUCTID, CATEGORY, PRICE from "OPENSAP_MD_PRODUCTS";
 :ex_products.INSERT(:lt_products);
 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductA', 'Software', '1999.99'), 1);
 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductB', 'Software', '2999.99'), 2);
 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductC', 'Software', '3999.99'), 3);

 FOR lv_index IN 1..record_count(:ex_products) DO
   :ex_products.(PRICE).UPDATE((:ex_products.PRICE[lv_index] * 1.25), lv_index);
 END FOR;

END

Use what you have learned and Save your work, and perform a Deploy. Then return to the Database Explorer and call the procedure. In the Results tab, you should see the product data including the new products that you have inserted and now the prices have been increased.

Step 3

Return to the procedure and further modify it. Enter two new DECLARE statements.

SQLCRIPT
Copy
```
declare lv_del_index int array;
declare lv_array_index int = 0;
```

Also add a FOR loop determine which lines to delete, and finally use the DELETE operator to delete the rows all at once.

SQLCRIPT

Copy

FOR lv_index IN 1..record_count(:ex_products) DO
	IF :ex_products.PRICE[lv_index] <= 2500.00 THEN
	 lv_array_index = lv_array_index + 1;
	 lv_del_index[lv_array_index] = lv_index;
 END IF;
END FOR;

:ex_products.DELETE(:lv_del_index);

The complete code should look very similar to this.

SQLCRIPT

Copy

PROCEDURE "build_products" (
		        out ex_products table (PRODUCTID nvarchar(10),
		                               CATEGORY nvarchar(20),
		                               PRICE decimal(15,2) ) )
	   LANGUAGE SQLSCRIPT
	   SQL SECURITY INVOKER
	   READS SQL DATA AS
BEGIN

 declare lt_products table like :ex_products;
 declare lv_index int = 0;
 declare lv_del_index int array;
 declare lv_array_index int = 0;

 lt_products = select PRODUCTID, CATEGORY, PRICE from "OPENSAP_MD_PRODUCTS";
 :ex_products.INSERT(:lt_products);
 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductA', 'Software', '1999.99'), 1);
 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductB', 'Software', '2999.99'), 2);
 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductC', 'Software', '3999.99'), 3);

 FOR lv_index IN 1..record_count(:ex_products) DO
   :ex_products.(PRICE).UPDATE((:ex_products.PRICE[lv_index] * 1.25), lv_index);
 END FOR;

 FOR lv_index IN 1..record_count(:ex_products) DO
   IF :ex_products.PRICE[lv_index] <= 2500.00 THEN
    lv_array_index = lv_array_index + 1;
    lv_del_index[lv_array_index] = lv_index;
  END IF;
 END FOR;
 :ex_products.DELETE(:lv_del_index);

END

Use what you have learned and Save your work, and perform a Deploy. Then return to the Database Explorer and call the procedure. In the Results tab, you should see the product data that is left after the DELETE operation has been performed.

Step 4

Return to the procedure and further modify it. Enter code for a new output parameter.

SQLCRIPT
Copy
```
  out ex_pc_productid nvarchar(10)
```

Also add the two lines of code for performing a SEARCH on the intermediate table variable.

SQLCRIPT

Copy

 lv_index = :ex_products.SEARCH("CATEGORY", 'PC', 1);  
 ex_pc_productid = :ex_products.PRODUCTID[lv_index];

The complete code should look very similar to this.

SQLCRIPT

Copy

PROCEDURE "build_products" (
	        out ex_products table (PRODUCTID nvarchar(10),
                               CATEGORY nvarchar(20),
                               PRICE decimal(15,2) ),
          out ex_pc_productid nvarchar(10) )
   LANGUAGE SQLSCRIPT
   SQL SECURITY INVOKER
   READS SQL DATA AS
BEGIN

 declare lt_products table like :ex_products;
 declare lv_index int = 0;
 declare lv_del_index int array;
 declare lv_array_index int = 0;

 lt_products = select PRODUCTID, CATEGORY, PRICE from "OPENSAP_MD_PRODUCTS";
 :ex_products.INSERT(:lt_products);
 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductA', 'Software', '1999.99'), 1);
 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductB', 'Software', '2999.99'), 2);
 :ex_products.INSERT(('ProductC', 'Software', '3999.99'), 3);

 FOR lv_index IN 1..record_count(:ex_products) DO
   :ex_products.(PRICE).UPDATE((:ex_products.PRICE[lv_index] * 1.25), lv_index);
 END FOR;

 FOR lv_index IN 1..record_count(:ex_products) DO
   IF :ex_products.PRICE[lv_index] <= 2500.00 THEN
    lv_array_index = lv_array_index + 1;
    lv_del_index[lv_array_index] = lv_index;
  END IF;
 END FOR;

 :ex_products.DELETE(:lv_del_index);

 lv_index = :ex_products.SEARCH("CATEGORY", 'PC', 1);  
 ex_pc_productid = :ex_products.PRODUCTID[lv_index];

END

Use what you have learned and Save your work, and perform a Deploy. Then return to the Database Explorer and call the procedure. In the Results tab, you should see the product data that is left after the DELETE operation has been performed in the first tab, and on the second results tab you should see the product id of the first row which category was equal to “PC”.

Use INSERT operator
Use UPDATE operator
Use DELETE operator
Use SEARCH operator

Use Table Variable Operators

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