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Create Universal Links for iOS Apps

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Create Universal Links for iOS Apps
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Create Universal Links for iOS Apps

2020-02-19
Intermediate
25 min.
SAP Cloud Platform SDK for iOS, Intermediate, SAP Cloud Platform, Mobile, Tutorial, iOS
Modify an SAP Cloud Platform SDK for iOS app to accept universal links. This allows users to navigate to your app via a URL sent by email or from a website.

You will learn

In this tutorial, you will learn how to create universal links for use in an iOS app created using the SAP Cloud Platform SDK for iOS Assistant. With universal links, you can link to content inside your app or website in iOS 9 or later.

Prerequisites

To prepare your app to support universal links, you will learn two different ways to create a new (or modify an existing) app ID. You will then modify the application definition on SAP Cloud Platform Mobile Services.

For this tutorial, you can use any iOS app you have previously created with the SAP Cloud Platform SDK for iOS Assistant. However, the screenshots and parameters used in this tutorial are taken from the TutorialApp app created in tutorial Create a Sample App.

Universal Links for Developers

Step 1: Setup Your App for Universal Links

There are two ways you can setup your app for universal links or any other capability you might want to use in the future. You can use Xcode to create a new app project, could also be generated by the iOS Assistant, and Xcode will create all the necessary definitions for you. The other way is going into the Apple Developer Portal and create a new App Identifier manually and assign the needed capabilities there.

Open up the TutorialApp or any other app and select the .xcodeproj file. Make sure your app is configured properly and Xcode recognizes your Signing Certificate and development team.

Xcode

Click on + Capability to add a new capability to your app. In the upcoming dialog search for Associated Domains and add the capability to your project.

Xcode

What Xcode will do know is connect to your Apple Developer profile and register or update your App ID to use the Associated Domains capability.

Log in to the Apple Developer Portal at https://developer.apple.com/ and navigate to Certificates, IDs & Profiles.

Apple Developer Portal

Click the Plus button next to Identifiers to register an App ID.

Apple Developer Portal

Make sure that App IDs is selected and click on Continue.

Apple Developer Portal

Provide the following values:

Field Name Value
Description TutorialApp
App ID Prefix This is already filled in. Copy and store this value as you will need it later.
Bundle ID Explicit
Bundle ID com.example.TutorialApp

The Description field is free to choose by you. The Bundle ID can be found in your Xcode project settings, under the Signing & Capabilities tab in the .xcodeproj file.

Don’t forget to enable the Associated Domains capability.

Click Continue to proceed.

Apple Developer Portal
Done
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Step 2: Define a new Application Link on SAP Cloud Platform Mobile Services

Open your running Mobile Services instance and navigate to the Application Links tab for your app definition under Native/Hybrid - TutorialApp.

In the Application Links tab click on the pencil right next to the Apple Universal Links section to add the Team ID and the Bundle ID.

Define application link

Fill out the upcoming form:

Field Name Value
Enabled checked
Team ID <your_team_id>
Bundle ID com.example.TutorialApp
Define application link

Click on OK.

The Team ID you should’ve copied from Step 1, if not you can find the id on the Apple Developer Portal.

Mobile Services will ask you to confirm your changes. Always keep in mind that changes on the application links will take up to 10 seconds to be completed. During that time your users are not be able to connect against Mobile Services.

Define application link

Confirm the dialog to see your application links.

Define application link

Navigate back to the APIs tab. You should see two QR codes, as well as the generated links:

Define application link

Leave the page open, you will need the server URL later.

Done
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Step 3: Add Associated Domains to your app

Open your app project in Xcode. In your project’s settings, navigate back to Signing & Capabilities and click the + icon located at the Associated Domains section.

Define application link

Enter the following domain:

Field Name Value
Domain applinks:<server link from Mobile Services>

Your link should look something like this - applinks:<YourUser-CFSpace>-com-example-tutorialapp.cfapps.eu10.hana.ondemand.com

Please note the applinks: prefix. It is important you enter it exactly as stated.

Define application link
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Step 4: Build and run the app

If you now build and run the app on your device, you will notice an <app_name>.entitlements file is created, containing the just added capability:

Define application link

Continue and deploy the app to your physical device and walk through the onboarding process.

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Step 5: Check the AASA file

Once the app is deployed onto your device, it is now running with the added capability.

The way the universal link work is by the associated domain.

You have defined the application link on Mobile Services. This creates an apple-app-site-association file. This file associates your Mobile Services account domain with your iOS app.

The generated apple-app-site-association file contains a JSON structure with the App ID and URL path which is used as universal link.

Open a browser to https://<YourUser-CFSpace-App>-com-example-tutorialapp.cfapps.eu10.hana.ondemand.com/.well-known/apple-app-site-association and you should see the contents of the file:

Build and deploy the app

The asterisk at the end denotes anything. You can for instance add a product id which could directly open an entity with that product ID.

It is up to the app developer to do something meaningful with the provided context. In the next step, you will simply detect the app is launched via a universal link, and log the URL context to the console.

Do you need to be authenticated in order to access the apple-app-site-association file?
×
Step 6: Process the universal link context
View Full Instructions

Open your app’s AppDelegate.swift file, and add the following method right below the closing bracket of the class:

// Universal Link
extension AppDelegate {
    func application(_ application: UIApplication, continue userActivity: NSUserActivity, restorationHandler: @escaping ([Any]?) -> Void) -> Bool {

        logger.info("SCPms Universal Link called: ")

        if userActivity.activityType == NSUserActivityTypeBrowsingWeb {
            let url = userActivity.webpageURL!
            logger.info(url.lastPathComponent)
            // Here you can do whatever you want with the URL components
        }
        return true
    }
}

When you click/tap on a universal link, this hook will be called. The userActivity object contains a webpageURL property, which holds the universal link you clicked.

If you provide some context to the universal link URL, it will then be printed to the console by retrieving the lastPathComponent property of the URL.

Build and deploy the app to your physical device. After it has started, you can dismiss it to the background.

Done
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Step 7: Try the universal link

The easiest way of testing the universal link is to send it via email or scan the Apple Launch App Code in Mobile Services.

Try the universal link

In this example, you simply provide the context start, but it can be anything more meaningful of course.

If you now click on the link or scan the QR code, it should directly open your app without going to Safari first. If you look in the Xcode console, you see it logged the start context it received via the NSUserActivity hook.

Try the universal link
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