Create and Run Unit Tests for a Fiori App

1. Choose the Test Classes tab.

2. Enter Test, then choose Auto-complete (Ctrl + Space), then choose testClass... > Shift+Enter.

   

   The editor adds the template for the local test class.

3. Change the name of the local test class to ltcl_travel.

4. Delete the default method first_test.
   It contains the following code.

   method first_test.
     cl_abap_unit_assert=>fail( 'Implement your first test here' ).
   endmethod.
   
   

1. Similarly, define mock-up methods: Still in the Private Section, define the methods class_setup and class_teardown for the class; and setup and teardown for the methods. Ignore the error for now.

   CLASS-METHODS:
     class_setup,
     class_teardown.
   
   METHODS:
     setup,
     teardown.
   
   

2. Add the method implementations: Select any one of the three methods, then choose Quick Assist (Ctrl + 1).

   

3. Format, save, and activate ( Ctrl + Shift + F1, Ctrl + S, Ctrl + F3 ). The error disappears.

1. Implement the method class_setup: Get valid mock data from existing entities and add it to each structure.

   begin_date = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 10.
   end_date = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30.
   
   "Get a single agency info to be used in the test data
   SELECT SINGLE * FROM /dmo/agency INTO @agency ##WARN_OK.  " Select any valid agency
   
   "Get a single customer info to be used in the test data
   SELECT SINGLE * FROM /dmo/customer INTO @customer ##WARN_OK.  " Select any valid customer
   
   "Get a single carrier info to be used in the test data
   SELECT SINGLE * FROM /dmo/carrier INTO @carrier ##WARN_OK.  " Select any valid agency
   
   

2. Then create the mock-up environment for the entity ZI_TRAVEL_M_XXX. When the method is executed, all the test doubles are created in the database and are available for inserting test data.

   """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
   " IMPORTANT : Specifies the entity be tested
   cds_test_environment = cl_cds_test_environment=>create_for_multiple_cds(
                         i_for_entities = VALUE #(
                            ( i_for_entity = 'ZI_TRAVEL_M_XXX'
                            i_select_base_dependencies = abap_true ) ) ).
   
   

3. Your code should look like this:

   .

   

1. Implement the setup method: Add some values to the structures you created earlier.

   " clear the content of the test double before each test
   travel =  VALUE #( travel_id = '101' agency_id = agency-agency_id customer_id = customer-customer_id
                      begin_date = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 10
                      end_date = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
                      booking_fee    = '20'
                      currency_code  = 'EUR'
                      description = 'Travel 1'
                      overall_status = 'O' ).
   
   accepted_travel =  VALUE #(
                      agency_id = agency-agency_id customer_id = customer-customer_id
                      begin_date = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 10
                      end_date = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
                      booking_fee    = '20'
                      currency_code  = 'EUR'
                      description = 'Travel 1'
   
   *                       description = |Travel 1 booking_fee    = 40|
   
                      overall_status = 'A' ). " travel status is accepted
   
   rejected_travel =  VALUE #(
                              agency_id = '1111' customer_id = customer-customer_id
                              begin_date = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 10
                              end_date = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
                              booking_fee    = '20'
   
                              currency_code  = 'EUR'
                              description = 'Travel 1'
                              overall_status = 'X' ). " travel status is rejected
   
   travel_w_invalid_dates =  VALUE #(
                                     agency_id = agency-agency_id customer_id = customer-customer_id
                                     begin_date = end_date  "" begin_date > end_date
                                     end_date = begin_date
                                     booking_fee    = '20'
                                     currency_code  = 'EUR'
                                     description = 'Travel 2'
                                     overall_status = 'O' ).
   
   

1. Add the following code to the class_teardown method.

     cds_test_environment->destroy(  ).
   
   

2. Add the following code to the teardown method.

     cds_test_environment->clear_doubles(  ).
     ROLLBACK ENTITIES.
   
   

class_teardown destroys the test environment & doubles created as part of test class.

teardown Clears the data in the test doubles for a given method, before the next method is executed.

1. In the class definition, add the method as follows. Add the implementation using Quick Assist ( Ctrl + 1 ).

   

2. Add the following code to the method implementation read_travel_ok. This code:

   • Fills one row of the internal table read_table with (valid) values; TravelID = '110'
   • Inserts this row as mock-up data, by calling cds_test_environment->insert_test_data
   • Reads one row of zi_travel_m_xxx, with the same key as internal table read_table, into internal table lt_read_travel (and if appropriate, into failed and reported)
   • Finally, it runs the test on this row.

   " checks that the EML statement is working with mock-up data
   " does not write to CDS entity zi_travel_m_xxx
   METHOD read_travel_ok.
     read_travel =  VALUE #( (   mykey = cl_system_uuid=>create_uuid_x16_static(  )
                               travel_id = '110' agency_id = agency-agency_id customer_id = customer-customer_id
                              begin_date = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 10
                              end_date   = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
                              booking_fee    = '20'
                              currency_code  = 'EUR'
                              description = 'Travel 1'
                              overall_status = 'O' ) ).
     " IMPORTANT - specifies entity under test = ZC_TRAVEL_M_xxx
   
     cds_test_environment->insert_test_data( i_data = read_travel  ).
     READ ENTITIES OF zi_travel_m_xxx
     ENTITY travel ALL FIELDS WITH
        VALUE #( (  %key-mykey = read_travel[ 1 ]-mykey ) )
       RESULT DATA(lt_read_travel)
       FAILED DATA(failed)
       REPORTED DATA(reported).
   
     " TEST STUFF
     cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
     EXPORTING
       act                  =  lt_read_travel[ 1 ]-travel_id
       exp                  =  110
       msg                  = 'Failed to create travel instance.'
   ).
   
   ENDMETHOD.
   

1. In the class definition, add the method create_travel_ok as follows. Add the implementation using Quick Assist ( Ctrl + 1 ).

   create_travel_ok FOR TESTING RAISING cx_static_check.
   
   

2. Add the following code to the method implementation create_travel_ok. This code:

   • Takes the values of accepted_travel from the method setup and appends them to the internal table lt_accepted_travel (which must be of the type ZI_TRAVEL_M_XXX )
   • Creates a new row for the entity ZI_TRAVEL_M_XXX in the transactional buffer and passes it to mapped
   • Commits this row to the database (line 151)
   • Runs tests on this row

   " Test: create a single, valid travel
   " Result: Creating travel instance is successful
   " Note: Since the field TravelUUID is defined in the Behavior Definition as managed and readonly, it is generated by the framework
   
   DATA lt_accepted_travel TYPE TABLE FOR CREATE zi_travel_m_xxx\\Travel.
   APPEND CORRESPONDING #( accepted_travel ) TO lt_accepted_travel.
   
   
   """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
   "IMPORTANT - specifies entities under test = entities of *BDEF* ZI_TRAVEL_M_xxx
   MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_travel_m_xxx
       ENTITY Travel
         CREATE FIELDS (
                                  Agency_ID
                                  Begin_Date
                                  End_Date
                                  Booking_fee
                                  total_Price
                                  currency_Code
                                  description
                                  overall_status
                                   )
                 WITH lt_accepted_travel
             MAPPED   DATA(mapped)
             FAILED   DATA(failed)
             REPORTED DATA(reported).
   COMMIT ENTITIES.
   READ ENTITIES OF zi_travel_m_xxx
       ENTITY travel ALL FIELDS WITH
         VALUE #( (  %key = mapped-travel[ 1 ]-%key ) )
         RESULT DATA(lt_read_travel)
         FAILED failed
         REPORTED reported.
   
   " TEST STUFF
   cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
   EXPORTING
    act                  =  lt_read_travel[ 1 ]-travel_id
    msg                  = 'Failed to create travel id.'
   ).
   cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
   EXPORTING
     act                  =  lt_read_travel[ 1 ]-agency_id
     exp                  =  travel1-agency_id
     msg                  = 'Failed to create travel instance.'
   ).
   *
   *   .
   *
   cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_initial(
     EXPORTING
       act                  = failed-travel
       msg                  = 'Failed to create travel instance.'
   ).
   *
   *
   

3. Format, save, and activate ( Ctrl + Shift + F1, Ctrl + S, Ctrl + F3 ). See below for a complete code listing.

1. In the class definition, add the following code. (Remember to change the period in line 30 to a comma.)

   create_travel_not_ok FOR TESTING RAISING cx_static_check,
   
   "optional unit test for validation-whether validation validate_dates is triggered or not
   "   - optional: Add break point in validate_dates method for further check
     validate_dates_not_ok FOR TESTING RAISING cx_static_check.    
   
   

2. Add implementations using Quick Assist ( Ctrl+1 ). Then add the following code to each method:

   method create_travel_not_ok.
     " Test creating a travel with a travel_id of an already existing  travel instance
     " Result: Creating a travel with duplicate id fails  
     DATA lt_rejected_travel TYPE TABLE FOR CREATE zi_travel_m_xxx\\Travel.
     APPEND CORRESPONDING #( rejected_travel ) TO lt_rejected_travel.
   
     " Try to create travel entity with invalid agency_id
     MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_travel_m_xxx
          ENTITY travel
             CREATE FIELDS (    travel_id
                                agency_id
                                begin_date
                                end_date
                                booking_fee
                                total_price
                                currency_code
                                description
                                overall_status )
               WITH lt_rejected_travel
           MAPPED   DATA(mapped)
           FAILED   DATA(failed)
           REPORTED DATA(reported).
     commit ENTITIES RESPONSE OF zi_travel_m_xxx REPORTED data(lt_travel_reported)
     failed data(lt_travel_failed).
     cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial( lt_travel_failed ).
   endmethod.
   
   

   METHOD validate_dates_not_ok.
     " Test if the begin and end dates provided for travel are valid.
     " Create/Update operation should fail if invalid begin and end dates are provided (begin_data > end_date)
   
     DATA lt_create_date_ok TYPE TABLE FOR CREATE /DMO/I_Travel_M\\travel.
     DATA lt_create_date_not_ok TYPE TABLE FOR CREATE /DMO/I_Travel_M\\travel. "begin date > end date
   
     APPEND CORRESPONDING #( travel ) TO lt_create_date_ok.
     APPEND CORRESPONDING #( travel_w_invalid_dates ) TO lt_create_date_not_ok.
   
     " Create travel with valid dates
     MODIFY ENTITIES OF /dmo/i_travel_m
          ENTITY travel
             CREATE FIELDS (    travel_id
                                agency_id
                                booking_fee
                                currency_code
                                overall_status
                                begin_date
                                end_date
                                 )
               WITH lt_create_date_ok
           MAPPED   DATA(mapped)
           FAILED   DATA(failed)
           REPORTED DATA(reported).
   
     COMMIT ENTITIES.
     cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals( exp = 0 act = sy-subrc ). " To check if the commit was successful
   
     " Create travel with invalid dates
     MODIFY ENTITIES OF /dmo/i_travel_m
          ENTITY travel
             CREATE FIELDS (    travel_id
                                agency_id
                                booking_fee
                                currency_code
                                overall_status
                                begin_date
                                end_date
                                 )
               WITH lt_create_date_not_ok
           MAPPED   mapped
           FAILED   failed
           REPORTED reported.
   
     COMMIT ENTITIES.
     cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_differs( exp = 0 act = sy-subrc ). " Creating a travel with invalid dates failed.
   
   ENDMETHOD.